商务部 国家发展和改革委员会 工业和信息化部等


商务部 发展改革委 工业和信息化部 财政部 海关总署 质检总局关于促进我国汽车产品出口持续健康发展的意见

商产发[2009]523号


各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市及新疆生产建设兵团商务主管部门、发展改革委、工信部门、财政部门，海关总署广东分署、天津、上海特派办，各直属海关，各直属出入境检验检疫局，有关企业：

　　汽车产业是国民经济的重要支柱产业。经过近年来的快速发展，汽车产品出口已成为我国汽车产业的重要组成部分和转变外贸增长方式的重要载体。为应对国际金融危机的影响，按照“保增长、扩内需、调结构”的总体要求，落实汽车产业调整和振兴规划，促进我国汽车及零部件出口持续健康稳定发展，现提出如下意见：

　　一、我国汽车产品出口现状和面临的形势

　　中国汽车工业经过五十多年的发展，基本建立起了比较完整的汽车工业生产体系，在改革开放政策的推动下，在强大的国内市场激励下，经过汽车业界的共同努力，获得了快速发展，目前，我国已成为世界汽车第二大生产国。近年来，我国汽车及零部件出口也呈现快速发展态势，2001-2007年年均增长近50%，2008年汽车产品出口已达302亿美元。但从总体看，我国汽车及零部件出口与发达国家和新兴工业化国家（地区）相比仍有很大差距，目前尚处于起步阶段，出口经营粗放、品牌和营销网络缺失、自主创新能力不强、出口产品附加值不高、知识产权保护力度亟待加强等问题制约了汽车产品出口的发展。2008年下半年以来，由于金融危机的影响，我国汽车产品出口存在的问题更为凸显，出口大幅下降，我国汽车产品出口面临严峻形势。

　　同时，也应看到，我国汽车产品国际比较优势依然存在，国际市场需求潜力巨大。为积极应对金融危机，必须采取切实有效措施，推动我国汽车及零部件出口持续健康发展。

　　二、指导思想和发展目标

　　（一）指导思想。根据《汽车产业调整和振兴规划》的总体要求，全面落实科学发展观，大力实施汽车产品出口战略，扩大具有自主知识产权和自主品牌的汽车产品出口，增强企业自主创新能力，加大结构调整力度，加快转变外贸出口增长方式，提高出口增长效益和质量，推动我国汽车产品出口持续健康发展。

　　（二）发展目标。汽车及零部件出口从2009年到2011年力争实现年均增长10%；到2015年，汽车和零部件出口达到850亿美元，年均增长约20%；到2020年实现我国汽车及零部件出口额占世界汽车产品贸易总额10%的战略目标。

　　“十一五”后期和“十二五”期间，继续巩固传统发展中国家整车中低端市场，拓展汽车零部件国外配套市场和发展中国家的中高端市场，稳步进入发达国家整车中低端市场。着力培育我国具有较强科技创新能力和自主核心技术的跨国汽车和零部件企业集团。 大力支持自主品牌汽车产品出口。

　　为此，要着力推进汽车产品出口结构实现五个转变：

　　——出口产品结构。推动汽车整车出口从载货汽车及底盘等商用车为主向以经济型轿车、大中小型客车等乘用车、商用车并重转变。推动零部件出口从以机械类为主向机电类、电子类产品为主转变。积极支持节能和新能源汽车产品出口。
　　——出口市场结构。整车出口市场由发展中国家中低端市场逐步向中高端市场转变；零部件出口市场由以售后和维修市场为主向进入跨国公司全球供应配套链（ODM，即定牌设计生产/OEM，即定牌生产）市场转变。
　　——出口贸易结构。推动汽车出口从单一的产品出口向产品、技术和资本输出相结合转变。
　　——出口企业结构。推动汽车出口企业从单纯的进出口型企业向营销型企业转变。
　　——售后服务主体结构。推动汽车出口从依赖进口商销售网络向自主营销体系转变。

　　三、加快国家汽车及零部件出口基地建设，增强汽车产品出口的技术基础

　　（一）做好出口基地发展规划。根据国家汽车产业调整和振兴规划，结合出口基地发展状况，研究提出加快出口基地建设的长远规划。力争将国家汽车及零部件出口基地建设成为我国汽车工业自主创新、规范出口秩序和保护知识产权的示范基地，世界汽车产业转移、国际交流与合作的重要承接载体。

　　（二）鼓励出口基地企业自主创新和技术改造。重点支持基地企业技术创新、技术改造和新能源汽车及关键零部件发展。

　　（三）加大对公共服务平台支持力度。按照《国家汽车及零部件出口基地管理办法》的要求，加快出口基地建设。支持出口基地搭建技术研发、信息服务、产品认证、检验检测、人员培训等公共服务平台。

　　四、鼓励企业利用金融工具，提高企业国际竞争力

　　（一）积极发挥出口信用保险作用，引导企业充分利用出口信用保险积极开拓市场，降低企业经营风险。

　　（二）鼓励融资性担保机构为企业向商业银行申请贷款提供担保。简化承保和理赔程序，鼓励商业性保险机构扩大对汽车整车出口的产品责任险承保。

　　（三）加强汽车企业与各类金融机构的合作，搭建汽车产品出口新型融资平台。充分利用进出口买卖方信贷等措施。

　　（四）完善中资金融机构国外分支机构功能，向出口企业提供客户及买方银行信用咨询服务，对海外分销商及终端用户提供融资贷款支持。

　　五、鼓励企业增强自主创新能力，优化出口产品结构

　　（一）支持汽车生产企业加强研究开发体系建设，鼓励企业建立海外研究开发中心，在消化引进技术的基础上，开发具有自主知识产权的新产品和新技术。鼓励企业积极引进国外技术、人才、营销网络，通过海内外兼并等方式掌握关键零部件等相关技术，提高研发能力。

　　（二）积极引导节能和新能源汽车产品出口。支持企业加快研究开发新型车辆动力蓄电池和新型混合动力汽车产品。支持推广纯电动汽车，引导推广混合动力汽车。

　　（三）引导企业采用国内外先进技术标准，主动接轨国际标准体系，推动产品的国际安全、质量和标准认证工作，支持企业参与国家和国际标准的制订和修订。

　　（四）整合研究开发资源和科研力量，建立分工协作、利益共享、共同进步的机制，鼓励科研院所和产业集聚群加强产学联合，积极吸引跨国公司在我国设立研究开发中心、采购中心和地区总部。

　　（五）大力实施品牌战略。重点发展一批技术含量高、市场潜力大的产品和企业，支持企业开展商标和知识产权的国外注册保护等。

　　六、加强知识产权保护，积极应对和化解贸易摩擦

　　（一）加强诚信体系建设，建立中国汽车零部件供应商名录库。对信用状况良好的汽车及零部件出口企业，以一定方式向国际采购商、国外行业协会公示和推荐。严厉打击假冒伪劣行为，保护知识产权，保护诚实守信企业。

　　（二）积极应对和化解国际贸易摩擦。加快建立我国汽车产品贸易摩擦预警机制。密切跟踪、收集和整理国外汽车产品贸易摩擦相关信息。充分发挥中介机构的作用，组织企业早准备、早应对，最大限度维护我汽车出口企业的权益。

　　（三）加快建立符合国际通行规则的技术性贸易措施体系，完善通报协调机制。密切跟踪、收集和整理国外汽车产品相关认证及技术法规信息，引导企业按照国际规则和先进标准组织生产，增强国际竞争能力。

　　（四）本着互惠互利的原则积极推动与其他国家实现产品检验结果的双边互认，有步骤地推动与中东、东欧、非洲、中南美洲等我国汽车整车出口具有较大增长潜力地区签订汽车产品政府间互认协议的工作。

　　（五）进一步完善规范汽车整车出口秩序的办法。商务部会同有关部委完善相关办法，根据产业结构调整的目标，规范汽车出口秩序。

　　七、大力实施“走出去”战略，加大国际市场开拓力度

　　（一）鼓励有比较优势的企业或企业间联盟体对外投资，在境外建厂设点，扩大海外生产规模，贴近销售市场，带动汽车产品、技术和服务出口。

　　（二）支持企业建立健全海外营销体系。鼓励企业通过多种形式建立境外营销中心和营销网络，完善出口产品的零配件供应、维修服务体系。积极引导企业在国际市场加大品牌建设投入。

　　（三）加大贸易促进工作力度。有针对性地组织企业参加国际知名展览会，展示我国汽车零部件技术发展水平。按照专业化、国际化、市场化的原则，继续办好“中国国际汽车零部件博览会”。

　　（四）充分利用多双边合作机制，推动汽车零部件企业开展国际合作与交流。选择若干个与我国机电产品贸易互补性较强的市场，组织汽车及零部件企业分行业、分项目进行对口交流与合作，支持企业加大合作研究开发、引进先进技术、设备和人才的力度。

　　八、加强服务体系建设，全面提高服务水平

　　（一）按照互利双赢的原则，积极探索产业、贸易和物流有机结合的运作模式，大力推动国内汽车整车出口生产企业与国内航运企业建立长期的战略合作联盟，创建我国远洋汽车运输船队。

　　（二）大力实施贸易便利化。综合运用海关对企业的分类管理、分类通关、预约通关、担保验放等多项便利措施，提高货物通关效率。在对汽车出口企业商品检验实施分类管理办法的基础上，进一步强化出口汽车产品的监管，帮助企业提高质量和安全水平，积极推行汽车产品免验工作。

　　（三）加强培训服务。选择我主要出口目标市场及潜在市场，就政策法规、技术标准、认证、投资环境以及市场情况等内容组织专家对出口企业进行培训，指导企业开展对外贸易和海外投资。

　　（四）充分发挥驻外经商机构作用。各驻外经商机构要积极推进多双边经贸合作，帮助出口企业应对贸易摩擦和开拓国际市场。




商　　　 务　　 　部
国家发展和改革委员会
工 业 和 信 息 化 部
财　　 　政　 　　部
海　　关　　总　　署
国家质量监督检验检疫总局
二〇〇九年十月二十三日


国务院


中华人民共和国城镇国有土地使用权出让和转让暂行条例(附英文)

1990年5月19日，国务院

第一章 总则
第一条 为了改革城镇国有土地使用制度，合理开发、利用、经营土地，加强土地管理，促进城市建设和经济发展，制定本条例。
第二条 国家按照所有权与使用权分离的原则，实行城镇国有土地使用权出让、转让制度，但地下资源、埋藏物和市政公用设施除外。
前款所称城镇国有土地是指市、县城、建制镇、工矿区范围内属于全民所有的土地（以下简称土地）。
第三条 中华人民共和国境内外的公司、企业、其他组织和个人，除法律另有规定者外，均可依照本条例的规定取得土地使用权，进行土地开发、利用、经营。
第四条 依照本条例的规定取得土地使用权的土地使用者，其使用权在使用年限内可以转让、出租、抵押或者用于其他经济活动。合法权益受国家法律保护。
第五条 土地使用者开发、利用、经营土地的活动，应当遵守国家法律、法规的规定，并不得损害社会公共利益。
第六条 县级以上人民政府土地管理部门依法对土地使用权的出让、转让、出租、抵押、终止进行监督检查。
第七条 土地使用权出让、转让、出租、抵押、终止及有关的地上建筑物、其他附着物的登记，由政府土地管理部门、房产管理部门依照法律和国务院的有关规定办理。

登记文件可以公开查阅。

第二章 土地使用权出让
第八条 土地使用权出让是指国家以土地所有者的身份将土地使用权在一定年限内让与土地使用者，并由土地使用者向国家支付土地使用权出让金的行为。
土地使用权出让应当签订出让合同。
第九条 土地使用权的出让，由市、县人民政府负责，有计划、有步骤地进行。
第十条 土地使用权出让的地块、用途、年限和其他条件，由市、县人民政府土地管理部门会同城市规划和建设管理部门、房产管理部门共同拟定方案，按照国务院规定的批准权限报经批准后，由土地管理部门实施。
第十一条 土地使用权出让合同应当按照平等、自愿、有偿的原则，由市、县人民政府土地管理部门（以下简称出让方）与土地使用者签订。
第十二条 土地使用权出让最高年限按下列用途确定：
（一）居住用地七十年；
（二）工业用地五十年；
（三）教育、科技、文化、卫生、体育用地五十年；
（四）商业、旅游、娱乐用地四十年；
（五）综合或者其他用地五十年。
第十三条 土地使用权出让可以采取下列方式：
（一）协议；
（二）招标；
（三）拍卖。
依照前款规定方式出让土地使用权的具体程序和步骤，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府规定。
第十四条 土地使用者应当在签订土地使用权出让合同后六十日内，支付全部土地使用权出让金。逾期未全部支付的，出让方有权解除合同，并可请求违约赔偿。
第十五条 出让方应当按照合同规定，提供出让的土地使用权。未按合同规定提供土地使用权的，土地使用者有权解除合同，并可请求违约赔偿。
第十六条 土地使用者在支付全部土地使用权出让金后，应当依照规定办理登记，领取土地使用证，取得土地使用权。
第十七条 土地使用者应当按照土地使用权出让合同的规定和城市规划的要求，开发、利用、经营土地。
未按合同规定的期限和条件开发、利用土地的，市、县人民政府土地管理部门应当予以纠正，并根据情节可以给予警告、罚款直至无偿收回土地使用权的处罚。
第十八条 土地使用者需要改变土地使用权出让合同规定的土地用途的，应当征得出让方同意并经土地管理部门和城市规划部门批准，依照本章的有关规定重新签订土地使用权出让合同，调整土地使用权出让金，并办理登记。

第三章 土地使用权转让
第十九条 土地使用权转让是指土地使用者将土地使用权再转移的行为，包括出售、交换和赠与。
未按土地使用权出让合同规定的期限和条件投资开发、利用土地的，土地使用权不得转让。
第二十条 土地使用权转让应当签订转让合同。
第二十一条 土地使用权转让时，土地使用权出让合同和登记文件中所载明的权利、义务随之转移。
第二十二条 土地使用者通过转让方式取得的土地使用权，其使用年限为土地使用权出让合同规定的使用年限减去原土地使用者已使用年限后的剩余年限。
第二十三条 土地使用权转让时，其地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权随之转让。
第二十四条 地上建筑物、其他附着物的所有人或者共有人，享有该建筑物、附着物使用范围内的土地使用权。
土地使用者转让地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权时，其使用范围内的土地使用权随之转让，但地上建筑物、其他附着物作为动产转让的除外。
第二十五条 土地使用权和地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权转让，应当依照规定办理过户登记。
土地使用权和地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权分割转让的，应当经市、县人民政府土地管理部门和房产管理部门批准，并依照规定办理过户登记。
第二十六条 土地使用权转让价格明显低于市场价格的，市、县人民政府有优先购买权。
土地使用权转让的市场价格不合理上涨时，市、县人民政府可以采取必要的措施。
第二十七条 土地使用权转让后，需要改变土地使用权出让合同规定的土地用途的，依照本条例第十八条的规定办理。

第四章 土地使用权出租
第二十八条 土地使用权出租是指土地使用者作为出租人将土地使用权随同地上建筑物、其他附着物租赁给承租人使用，由承租人向出租人支付租金的行为。
未按土地使用权出让合同规定的期限和条件投资开发、利用土地的，土地使用权不得出租。
第二十九条 土地使用权出租，出租人与承租人应当签订租赁合同。
租赁合同不得违背国家法律、法规和土地使用权出让合同的规定。
第三十条 土地使用权出租后，出租人必须继续履行土地使用权出让合同。
第三十一条 土地使用权和地上建筑物、其他附着物出租，出租人应当依照规定办理登记。

第五章 土地使用权抵押
第三十二条 土地使用权可以抵押。
第三十三条 土地使用权抵押时，其地上建筑物、其他附着物随之抵押。
地上建筑物、其他附着物抵押时，其使用范围内的土地使用权随之抵押。
第三十四条 土地使用权抵押，抵押人与抵押权人应当签订抵押合同。
抵押合同不得违背国家法律、法规和土地使用权出让合同的规定。
第三十五条 土地使用权和地上建筑物、其他附着物抵押，应当按照规定办理抵押登记。
第三十六条 抵押人到期未能履行债务或者在抵押合同期间宣告解散、破产的，抵押权人有权依照国家法律、法规和抵押合同的规定处分抵押财产。
因处分抵押财产而取得土地使用权和地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权的，应当依照规定办理过户登记。
第三十七条 处分抵押财产所得，抵押权人有优先受偿权。
第三十八条 抵押权因债务清偿或者其他原因而消灭的，应当依照规定办理注销抵押登记。

第六章 土地使用权终止
第三十九条 土地使用权因土地使用权出让合同规定的使用年限届满、提前收回及土地灭失等原因而终止。
第四十条 土地使用权期满，土地使用权及其地上建筑物、其他附着物所有权由国家无偿取得。土地使用者应当交还土地使用证，并依照规定办理注销登记。
第四十一条 土地使用权期满，土地使用者可以申请续期。需要续期的，应当依照本条例第二章的规定重新签订合同，支付土地使用权出让金，并办理登记。
第四十二条 国家对土地使用者依法取得的土地使用权不提前收回。在特殊情况下，根据社会公共利益的需要，国家可以依照法律程序提前收回，并根据土地使用者已使用的年限和开发、利用土地的实际情况给予相应的补偿。

第七章 划拨土地使用权
第四十三条 划拨土地使用权是指土地使用者通过各种方式依法无偿取得的土地使用权。
前款土地使用者应当依照《中华人民共和国城镇土地使用税暂行条例》的规定缴纳土地使用税。
第四十四条 划拨土地使用权，除本条例第四十五条规定的情况外，不得转让、出租、抵押。
第四十五条 符合下列条件的，经市、县人民政府土地管理部门和房产管理部门批准，其划拨土地使用权和地上建筑物，其他附着物所有权可以转让、出租、抵押：
（一）土地使用者为公司、企业、其他经济组织和个人；
（二）领有国有土地使用证；
（三）具有地上建筑物、其他附着物合法的产权证明；
（四）依照本条例第二章的规定签订土地使用权出让合同，向当地市、县人民政府补交土地使用权出让金或者以转让、出租、抵押所获收益抵交土地使用权出让金。
转让、出租、抵押前款划拨土地使用权的，分别依照本条例第三章、第四章和第五章的规定办理。
第四十六条 对未经批准擅自转让、出租、抵押划拨土地使用权的单位和个人，市、县人民政府土地管理部门应当没收其非法收入，并根据情节处以罚款。
第四十七条 无偿取得划拨土地使用权的土地使用者，因迁移、解散、撤销、破产或者其他原因而停止使用土地的，市、县人民政府应当无偿收回其划拨土地使用权，并可依照本条例的规定予以出让。
对划拨土地使用权，市、县人民政府根据城市建设发展需要和城市规划的要求，可以无偿收回，并可依照本条例的规定予以出让。
无偿收回划拨土地使用权时，对其地上建筑物、其他附着物，市、县人民政府应当根据实际情况给予适当补偿。

第八章 附则
第四十八条 依照本条例的规定取得土地使用权的个人，其土地使用权可以继承。
第四十九条 土地使用者应当依照国家税收法规的规定纳税。
第五十条 依照本条例收取的土地使用权出让金列入财政预算，作为专项基金管理，主要用于城市建设和土地开发。具体使用管理办法，由财政部另行制定。
第五十一条 各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府应当根据本条例的规定和当地的实际情况选择部分条件比较成熟的城镇先行试点。
第五十二条 外商投资从事开发经营成片土地的，其土地使用权的管理依照国务院的有关规定执行。
第五十三条 本条例由国家土地管理局负责解释；实施办法由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府制定。
第五十四条 本条例自发布之日起施行。

INTERIM REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA CONCERNINGTHE ASSIGNMENT AND TRANSFER OF THE RIGHT TO THE USE OF THE STATE-OWNEDLAND IN THE URBAN AREAS

Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)
INTERIM REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA CONCERNING
THE ASSIGNMENT AND TRANSFER OF THE RIGHT TO THE USE OF THE STATE-OWNED
LAND IN THE URBAN AREAS
(Promulgated by Decree No. 55 of the State Council of the People's
Republic of China on May 19, 1990 and effective as of the date of
promulgation)

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
These Regulations are formulated in order to reform the system of using
the State-owned land in the urban areas, rationally develop, utilize and
manage the land, strengthen land administration and promote urban
construction and economic development.
Article 2
The State, in accordance with the principle of the ownership being
separated from the right to the use of the land, implements the system
whereby the right to the use of the State-owned land in the urban areas
may be assigned and transferred, with the exclusion of the underground
resources, the objects buried underground, and the public works. The term
"State-owned land in the urban areas" as used in the preceding paragraph
refers to the land owned by the whole people (hereafter referred to as
"the land") within the limits of cities, county sites, administrative
towns and industrial and mining areas.
Article 3
Any company, enterprise, other organization and individual within or
outside the People's Republic of China may, unless otherwise provided by
law, obtain the right to the use of the land and engage in land
development, utilization and management in accordance with the provisions
of these Regulations.
Article 4
Users of the land who have obtained the right to the use of the land in
accordance with these Regulations may, within the term of land use,
transfer, lease, or mortgage the right to the use of the land or use it
for other economic activities, and their lawful rights and interests shall
be protected by the laws of the State.
Article 5
Users of the land shall, in their activities to develop, utilize and
manage the land, abide by the laws and regulations of the state and may
not jeopardize the interests of the society and the public.
Article 6
The land administrative departments under the people's governments at or
above the county level shall conduct supervision and inspection, according
to law, over the assignment, transfer, lease, mortgage and termination of
the right to the use of the land.
Article 7
The registration of the assignment, transfer, lease, mortgage and
termination of the right to the use of the land and the registration of
the above-ground buildings and other attached objects shall be handled by
the land administration department and housing administration departments
of the government in accordance with the law and the pertinent regulations
of the State Council.
The registration documents shall be made available for public reference.

Chapter II The Assignment of the Right to the Use of the Land
Article 8
The assignment of the right to the use of the land refers to the act of
the State as the owner of the land who, within the term of a certain
number of years, assigns the right to the use of the land to land users,
who shall in turn pay fees for the assignment thereof to the State.
An assignment contract shall be signed for assigning the right to the use
of the land.
Article 9
People's governments at the municipal and county levels shall be in charge
of assigning the right to the use of land, which shall be effected in a
planned, step-by-step way.
Article 10
The land administration departments under the people's governments at the
municipal and county levels shall, in conjunction with the administrative
departments for urban planning and construction and the housing
administration departments, draw up a plan concerning the size and
location, the purposes, the term, and other conditions with respect to the
assigning of the right to the use of the land. The plan shall be submitted
for approval in accordance with the limits of authority for approval as
stipulated by the State Council and shall then be implemented by the land
administration departments.
Article 11
The contract for assigning the right to the use of the land shall be
signed by and between the land administration departments under the
people's governments at the municipal and county levels (hereinafter
referred to as "the assigning party") and the land users in accordance
with the principle of equality, voluntariness and compensation for use.
Article 12
The maximum term with respect to the assigned right to the use of the land
shall be determined respectively in the light of the purposes listed
below:
(1) 70 years for residential purposes;
(2) 50 years for industrial purposes;
(3) 50 years for the purposes of education, science, culture, public
health and physical education;
(4) 40 years for commercial, tourist and recreational purposes; and
(5) 50 years for comprehensive utilization or other purposes.
Article 13
The assignment of the right to the use of the land may be carried out by
the following means:
(1) by reaching an agreement through consultations;
(2) by invitation to bid; or
(3) by auction.
The specific procedures and steps for assigning the right to the use of
the land by the means stipulated in the preceding paragraphs shall be
formulated by the people's government of the relevant province, automonous
region, or municipality directly under the Central Government.
Article 14
The land user shall, within 60 days of the signing of the contract for the
assignment of the right to the use of the land, pay the total amount of
the assignment fee thereof, failing which, the assigning party shall have
the right to terminate the contract and may claim compensation for breach
of contract.
Article 15
The assigning party shall, in compliance with the stipulations of the
contract, provide the right to the use of the land thus assigned, failing
which, the land user shall have the right to terminate the contract and
may claim compensation for breach of contract.
Article 16
After paying the total amount of the fee for the assignment of the right
to the use of the land, the land user shall, in accordance with the
relevant provisions, go through the registration thereof, obtain the
certificate for land use and accordingly the right to the use of the land.
Article 17
The land user shall, in conformity with the stipulations of the contract
for the assignment of the right to the use of land and the requirements of
city planning, develop, utilize and manage the land.
Should any land user fail to develop and utilize the land in accordance
with the period of time specified in the contract and the conditions
therein, the land administration departments under the people's
governments at the municipal and county levels shall make corrections and,
in light of the seriousness of the case, give such penalties as a warning,
a fine or, in an extreme case, withdrawing the right to the use of the
land without compensation.
Article 18
If the land user needs to alter the purposes of land use as stipulated in
the contract for assigning the right to the use of land, he shall obtain
the consent of the assigning party and the approval of the land
administration department and the urban planning department and shall, in
accordance with the relevant provisions in this Chapter, sign a new
contract for assigning the right to the use of the land, readjust the
amount of the assignment fee thereof, and undertake registration anew.

Chapter III The Transfer of the Right to the Use of the Land
Article 19
The transfer of the right to the use of the land refers to the land user's
act of re-assigning the right to the use of the land, including the sale,
exchange, and donation thereof. If the land has not been developed and
utilized in accordance with the period of time specified in the contract
and the conditions therein, the right to the use thereof may not be
transferred.
Article 20
A transfer contract shall be signed for the transfer of the right to the
use of the land.
Article 21
With the transfer of the right to the use of the land, the rights and
obligations specified in the contract for assigning the right to the use
of the land and in the registration documents shall be transferred
accordingly.
Article 22
The land user who has acquired the right to the use of the land by means
of the transfer thereof shall have a term of use which is the remainder of
the term specified in the contract for assigning the right to the use of
the land minus the number of the years in which the original land user has
used the land.
Article 23
With the transfer of the right to the use of the land, the ownership of
the above-ground buildings and other attached objects shall be transferred
accordingly.
Article 24
The owners or joint owners of the above-ground buildings and other
attached objects shall have the right to the use of the land within the
limits of use of the said buildings and objects.
With the transfer of the ownership of the above-ground buildings and other
attached objects by the land users, the right to the use of the land
within the limits of use of the said buildings and objects shall be
transferred accordingly, with the exception of the movables.
Article 25
With respect to the transfer of the right to the use of the land and of
the ownership of the above-ground buildings and other attached objects,
registration for the transfer shall be undertaken in accordance with the
relevant provisions.
Divided transfer of the right to the use of the land and of the ownership
of the above-ground buildings and other attached objects shall be subject
to the approval of the land administration department and the housing
administration departments under the people's governments at the municipal
and county levels, and registration for the divided transfer shall be
undertaken in accordance with the relevant provisions.
Article 26
When the transfer of the right to the use of the land is priced at a level
obviously lower than the prevailing market price, the people's governments
at the municipal and county levels shall have the priority of the purchase
thereof.
When the market price for the transfer of the right to the use of the land
rises to an unreasonable extent, the people's governments at the municipal
and county levels may take necessary measures to cope with it.
Article 27
If, after the transfer of the right to the use of the land, necessity
arises for altering the purposes of land use as stipulated in the contract
for assigning the right to the use of the land, it shall be handled in
accordance with the provisions in Article 18 of these Regulations.

Chapter IV The Lease of the Right to the Use of the Land
Article 28
The lease of the right to the use of the land refers to the act of the
land user as the lessor to lease the right to the use of the land together
with the above-ground buildings and other attached objects to the lessee
for use who shall in turn pay lease rentals to the lessor. If the land has
not been developed and utilized in accordance with the period of time
specified in the contract and the conditions therein, the right to the use
thereof may not be leased.
Article 29
A lease contract shall be signed for leasing the right to the use of the
land by and between the lessor and the lessee.
The lease contract shall not run counter to the laws and regulations of
the State or the stipulations of the contract for assigning the right to
the use of the land.
Article 30
After leasing the right to the use of the land, the lessee must continue
to perform the contract for assigning the right to the use of the land.
Article 31
With respect to the lease of the right to the use of the land together
with the above-ground buildings and other attached objects, the lessee
shall undertake registration in accordance with the relevant provisions.

Chapter V The Mortgage of the Right to the Use of the Land
Article 32
The right to the use of the land may be mortgaged.
Article 33
With the mortgage of the right to the use of the land, the above-ground
buildings and other attached objects thereon shall be mortgaged
accordingly.
With the above-ground buildings and other attached objects, the right to
the use of the land within the limits of use of the said buildings and
objects shall be mortgaged accordingly.
Article 34
A mortgage contract shall be signed for mortgaging the right to the use of
the land by and between the mortgagor and the mortgagee.
The mortgage contract shall not run counter to the laws and regulations of
the State or the stipulations of the contract for assigning the right to
the use of the land.
Article 35
With respect to the mortgage of the right to the use of the land together
with the above-ground buildings and other attached objects, registration
for the mortgage shall be undertaken in accordance with the relevant
provisions.
Article 36
If the mortgagor fails to fulfil liabilities within the prescribed period
of time or declares dissolution or bankruptcy within the term of the
mortgage contract, the mortgagee shall have the right to dispose of the
mortgaged property in accordance with the laws and regulations of the
State and the stipulations of the mortgage contract. With respect to the
right to the use of the land and the ownership of the above-ground
buildings and other attached objects acquired as a result of the disposal
of the mortgaged property, transfer registration shall be undertaken in
accordance with the relevant provisions.
Article 37
The mortgagee shall have the priority of compensation with respect to the
receipts resulting from the disposal of the mortgaged property.
Article 38
If the mortgage is eliminated as a result of the liquidation of
liabilities or for other reasons, procedures shall be undertaken to
nullify the mortgage registration.

Chapter VI The Termination of the Right to the Use of the Land
Article 39
The right to the use of the land terminate for such reasons as the
expiration of the term of use as stipulated in the contract for assigning
the right to the use of the land, the withdrawal of the right before the
expiration, or the loss of the land.
Article 40
Upon expiration of the term of use, the right to the use of the land and
the ownership of the above-ground buildings and other attached objects
thereon shall be acquired by the State without compensation. The land user
shall surrender the certificate for land use and undertake procedures to
nullify the registration.
Article 41
Upon expiration of the term of use, the land user may apply for its
renewal. Where such a renewal is necessary, a new contract shall be signed
in accordance with the provisions in Chapter II of these Regulations and
the land user shall pay the fee for the assignment of the right to the use
of the land and undertake registration.
Article 42
The State shall not withdraw before the expiration of the term of use the
right to the use of the land which the land user acquired in accordance
with the law. Under special circumstances, the State may, based on the
requirements of social public interests, withdraw the right before the
expiration of the term of use in line with the relevant legal procedures
and shall, based on the number of years in which the land user has used
the land and actual state of affairs with respect to the development and
utilization of the land, offer corresponding compensation.

Chapter VII The Allocated Right to the Use of the Land
Article 43
The allocated right to the use of the land refers to the right to the use
of the land which the land user acquires in accordance with the law, by
various means, and without compensation.
The land user referred to in the preceding paragraph shall pay tax for the
use of the land in accordance with the provisions of the Interim
Regulations of the People's Republic of China Concerning the Tax for the
Use of the Land in the Urban Areas.
Article 44
The allocated right to the use of the land may not be transferred, leased,
or mortgaged, with the exception of cases as specified in Article 45 of
these Regulations.
Article 45
On condition that the following requirements are satisfied, the allocated
right to the use of the land and the ownership of the above-ground
buildings and other attached objects may, subject to the approval of the
land administration departments and the housing administration departments
under the people's governments at the municipal and county levels, be
transferred, leased or mortgaged:
(1) the land users are companies, enterprises, or other economic
organizations, or individuals;
(2) a certificate for the use of state-owned land has been obtained;
(3) possessing legitimate certificates of property rights to the above-
ground buildings and other attached objects; and
(4) a contract for assigning the right to the use of land is signed in
accordance with the provisions in Chapter II of these Regulations and the
land user makes up for the payment of the assignment fee to the local
municipal or county people's government or uses the profits resulting from
the transfer, lease or mortgage to pay the assignment fee.
The transfer, lease or mortgage of the allocated right to the use of the
land referred to in the preceding paragraphs shall be handled respectively
in accordance with the provisions in Chapters III, IV and V of these
Regulations.
Article 46
Any units or individuals that transfers, lease or mortgage the allocated
right to the use of the land without authorization shall have their
illegal incomes thus secured confiscated by the land administration
departments under the people's governments at the municipal and county
levels and shall be fined in accordance with the seriousness of the case.
Article 47
If the land user who has acquired the allocated right to the use of the
land without compensation stops the use thereof as a result of moving to
another site, dissolution, disbandment, or bankruptcy or for other
reasons, the municipal or county people's government shall withdraw the
allocated right to the use of the land without compensation and may assign
it in accordance with the relevant provisions of these Regulations.
The municipal or county people's government may, based on the needs of
urban construction and development and the requirements of urban planning,
withdraw the allocated right to the use of the land without compensation
and may assign it in accordance with the relevant provisions of these
Regulations.
When the allocated right to the use of the land is withdrawn without
compensation, the municipal or county people's government shall, in the
light of the actual state of affairs, give due compensation for the above-
ground buildings and other attached objects thereon.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 48
The right to the use of the land may be inherited if it is acquired by
individuals in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations.
Article 49
The land user shall pay tax in accordance with the provisions of the tax
laws and regulations of the State.
Article 50
Fees collected by assigning the right to the use of the land in accordance
with these Regulations shall be included in the fiscal budget and managed
as a special fund, which shall be used mainly for urban construction and
land development. The specific measures for the use and management of the
fund shall be separately prescribed by the Ministry of Finance.
Article 51
The people's governments of various provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, in accordance
with the provisions of these Regulations and with the actual state of
affairs in their respective localities, select as their pilot testing
grounds some of the cities or towns where conditions are relatively ripe.
Article 52
With respect to foreign investors engaging in developing and managing
tracts of land, the administration of the right to the use of the land
shall be effected in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State
Council.
Article 53
The State Administration for Land Uses shall be responsible for the
interpretation of these Regulations; the measures for the implementation
thereof shall be formulated by the people's government of the provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government.
Article 54
These Regulations shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.